Ring ouzel on the ruck, Pennington Flash

The most unexpected bird of the year, a 1st winter ring ouzel was on the ruck at Pennington Flash today. Unexpected for a few reasons, firstly it's a summer visitor to the UK and this bird is over a month later than my latest ever from anywhere in the country. We've just had our first cold snap of the winter, there's snow on the ground and ice on the water, hardly the sort of conditions you would imagine would produce a summer migrant.

 
Secondly it wasn't just flying over, it was landed. Ring ouzels are very rare migrants at the flash, I can only remember hearing about a handful of birds ever, and almost all that do occur fly straight over never to be seen again.

And finally, it was my first ever at the flash. I've never even seen one fly over before.

Late autumn birds in the UK are generally considered to be migrants from fenno-scandinavia, and I assume that the northerly winds we are currently experiencing have brought this bird to the UK. If it was at Spurn or Flamborough or Norfolk or any of the coastal migration hotspots around the country it would be less surprising, but to turn up here at Pennington Flash is unexpected to say the least.

Egret numbers continue to build at the flash

A generally quiet few days with most of the excitement surrounding the ever increasing egret numbers at the flash. Just how many can the flash hold? Why have they suddenly exploded like this? 

All week there have been at least six great white and now we have at least 20 little egrets. Before this year I'd never seen more than one great white and six was my record count of little. Little egrets already breed at the flash, how long before great white joins them?

The egret bonanza continues at the flash

The egret bonanza continues at the flash with an incredible seven great white egrets & 14 little egrets today! To put that into context, prior to this year I had just five records ever of great white egret at the flash and four of those were last year. So far this year I've got 39 records of the species, often involving multiple birds, though seven is a new site record. Fourteen little egrets is also a new high for me and I think equals the site record.

Greenland white-fronted geese, Little Woolden Moss

Ten adult Greenland white-fronted geese turned up in a stubble field just north of Little Woolden Moss on Sunday having previously been seen to fly over Woolston Eyes the day before. I couldn't get there until today, but fortunately they waited for me and were still present this morning. 

According to Birds of the Western Palearctic, there was a world population of 20,000 Greenland white-fronted geese in the 1980s which rose to 35,600 in the late 1990s thanks to hunting restrictions (British Birds 99 May 2006 242–261). Since then numbers have declined markedly and Wexford Wildfowl Reserve in Ireland gives the world population size as 18,027 in 2022, a 10.7% drop on the previous year.

These days up to 6,000 winter at Wexford Slobs, down from about 10,000 a few years ago. In November 2015 I visited the slobs specifically to see these birds. The Inner Hebridean island of Islay also has a wintering population of around the same size as Wexford which I also visited in 1997.

Scaup, Longton Brickcroft NR

This cracking juvenile female scaup has been at Longton Brickcroft Nature Reserve for about a week now. A really nice looking bird.

Yellow-legged gull, Pennington Flash

A smart looking adult yellow-legged gull was in the roost this week. This is a species which seems to have become less common at the flash in recent years, but so far this autumn there have been at least three different adults so perhaps things are picking up a bit.

It's the best time of year to see whooper swans at the flash and these two dropped in briefly this morning before heading off east.

Also this week, two each of great white and little egrets have reappeared after going missing during the period of high water levels following heavy rain last Wednesday.

Autumn rooks

Autumn brings with it many new sounds, especially the evocative calls of wildfowl as they arrive in numbers on our estuaries and marshes. Perhaps overlooked and under appreciated though is the call of rooks at a rookery at this time of year. On a beautiful sunny day such as this it brings great joy to my heart, and this is when they look at their best with their gorgeous glossy black plumage. In many respects rooks are the true sound of autumn, just as skylarks are the sound of spring!

Pennington Flash this weekend

Water levels are now very high following the torrential rain that brought the Slavonian grebes on Wednesday. Combined with the total lack of habitat management at the flash and high disturbance levels at weekends this results in virtually no shoreline available for ducks or waders. Yesterday, five pochard were new including four drakes, also two wigeon off what remains of the spit. The remnants of Ramsdales scrape held 20 teal and a female mandarin. Early on there was an Egyptian goose at the sailing club.

This morning I at last I caught up with the juvenile garganey which has been present but elusive since the week before I went to Barra. It wasn't particularly showy today, I occasionally got a glimpse as it moved through the vegetation on the flooded spit but most of the time it was out of view. 

Also today, three of yesterdays five pochard were still present and at least one immature wigeon on the spit, but best of all, my first returning goldeneye of the autumn/winter.

Slavonian grebes and four great white egrets, Pennington Flash

I arrived at Green Lane at 12:45 in heavy rain hoping that the weather might have dropped something in.  I scanned the western end through binoculars and almost immediately saw two small grebes directly out from the sailing club but close in to the ruck. On looking through the scope my immediate reaction was that they had Slavonian grebe jizz and were not black-necked. Unfortunately, the light was poor and rain was pouring so I was unable to confirm the identification from Green Lane, but I was so convinced that they were Slavonian that I decided to have a walk to the ruck in this awful weather in order to get a better look. 

My worst fears were confirmed on the ruck, it was a real mud bath, puddles and mud everywhere and the rain kept pouring. By now I was soaked with rain running down my back and my optics and glasses covered in rain drops and steaming up. Finally I relocated the grebes only to discover that they had moved to the opposite side! It was very dull and misty and I was really struggling to get anything on them. I tried a bit of video on my phone but it was difficult to even get it to respond because the screen was covered in water and the video was inconclusive.

After about 10 minutes the birds started to swim towards me and eventually stopped quite close to the ruck at a distance of about 15m, I couldn't believe my luck. It was still pouring with rain but I risked getting my camera out and quickly took a few photos.

The birds were about two thirds the size of a great crested grebe. They were dark grey and white. The heads of both birds peaked at the rear and the black crown was neat and didn’t smudge behind the eye. The bills were short and straight lacking the uptilt of black-necked, and they had a longish body which lacked the little grebe like rear end....and still the rain poured. It was time to go home and salvage what I could of my optics and get myself dry with a cup of tea!

So they were Slavonian grebes and it seems very likely that these were the same two that were at Acre Nook Quarry in Cheshire yesterday.

Phenomenal shearwater passage in the Sea of the Hebrides

To be honest I did have an inkling of what today might bring when I wrote yesterdays blog post! A birder on yesterdays crossing from Castlebay to Oban had reported 25 great shearwaters from the ferry between Tiree and Rum, so I was hopeful that we might also get to see a few of these wonderful ocean wanderers this morning. Perhaps we'd get lucky, even one bird would suffice, but as it transpired, today was one of the greatest experiences in my birding life. Nothing could have prepared me for this spectacle!

It was still dark when MV Isle of Lewis left Castlebay one hour early at 7am. For the first 30 minutes we sat in the viewing lounge and could see nothing through the windows except blackness, but then at about 7:40 in the half light we spotted a couple of auks and at least one shearwater. This immediately piqued our interest because as I joked to Ray, we'd already seen more than we had seen on the entire journey out two weeks ago! A slight exaggeration perhaps, but the fact is, this was the sixth time we had taken this route at this time of year and virtually all of the previous journeys had been disappointing with very few sea birds, so these few scraps so early into the voyage prompted us to go up on deck immediately.

As soon as we arrived on deck we spotted another couple of shearwaters. The first was definitely sooty but the other seemed to have a white belly but didn't look like Manx. A few minutes later another bird with a white belly, this time closer to the boat, and with the light now better we were able to tentatively identify it as a great shearwater. Then there was another even closer and this time we could see it's pale collar and dark cap, no doubt about this one, a definite great shearwater!

Ten minutes later and we'd lost count of great shearwaters! We watched in wonder as a flock of over 50 approached the rear of the boat and then overtook us, every one of them a great. And still they came, next a flock of 20 with a few sooties, and it was still only 8am, just three minutes after sunrise. Over the next 45 minutes we watched as hundreds of great shearwaters went past the boat plus many sooties, but only a handful of Manx. We also spotted at least three large shearwaters lacking the dark cap of greater, clearly Cory's shearwaters, although the pedantic may comment that they could have been the much rarer Scopoli's. 

The photo above is slightly cropped, in the original there are at least 121 great shearwaters.

The last day

It's been a tough two weeks on Barra, the least productive of the three years we have been coming here, and though yes we have seen some good birds, it's generally been slow gowing and very samey. Still there's always next year. 

Highlights today were white-tailed eagle, hen harrier and 200 barnacle geese passing through the Sound of Barra, but nothing new for the trip. Tomorrow the ferry leaves Castlebay before dawn so there'll be nothing new for the island, just whatever seabirds we might see on the crossing..... 

Ring Ouzel at Glen in 14819mph winds

This afternoon we found a cracking 1st winter male ring ouzel at Glen, initially flushed from a ditch at the side of the road. Glen is a good place for seeing this species when they pass through Barra, and last year we saw a male here. Also at Glen we had adult white-tailed and golden eagles overhead. Brambling at Northbay was another highlight, an island tick for us.

Greenland Redpoll at Creachan, Barra

This redpoll was at Creachan wood today. It was clearly a large bird, but unfortunately we had no other redpolls nearby for direct comparison. However, it has the three dark lines or "cats claws" on the flanks reaching all of the way down to the dark centred tertials and it immediately made me think Greenland redpoll Acanthis flammea rostrata. 

Unfortunately the redpolls are a bit of a quagmire so definite identification is difficult at the best of times and impossible in this case. To me this is clearly not a "British" lesser redpoll cabaret, it's far too big and heavily streaked for that, but there is the possibility that it could be the Icelandic race icelandica. This race is very similar to rostrata and the two are sometimes grouped as northwestern redpoll. However, rostrata is far more migratory than icelandica and most northwestern redpolls which come to the UK are considered to be rostrata for that reason. So I'll have to be content with calling this bird a northwestern redpoll, but in all likelihood it's a Greenland redpoll rostrata.

The cats claws are the three parallel dark lines that you can see on the birds flanks. Crucially they reach the undertail coverts.

A bit of star gazing

This evening the skies were clear so I went outside for an hour at 10pm. Here on Barra light pollution is at an absolute minimum and once I cleared the nearby houses, it was pitch black and the sky was full of stars. To the north I could see the dancing Northern Lights, nowhere near as bright or as colourful as you see in photos, I only ever seem to see a dull greenish glow to the north, but still a great sight. I think the best display would have been last night, but we didn't have the clear skies then. In one memorable moment, what looked like a spotlight appeared low on the horizon and shone a green beam of light across the sky. It was almost like some huge rock concert happening to the north. Then the spotlight disappeared and all was black again.

Except that all wasn't black, because much more impressive than the Northern Lights, overhead was the amazing Milky Way. The only time that I have seen this so well before was in New Zealand in 2020. Looking at it through binoculars it's just a staggering amount of stars forming what looks to the naked eye like a grey misty band across the black sky. 100–400 billion stars apparently make up the Milky Way, and at least that number of planets. 

Then over the east I could see the planet Jupiter glowing bright, the biggest planet in our solar system who's gravitational pull can be felt here on earth. Tonight I could even see a couple of its moons through binoculars. As I watched, a shooting star appeared, it shot across the sky and then went out as quickly as it had appeared. Time for bed.

A day of passage on Barra

Passage is picking up with whooper swans and barnacle geese starting to pass over in increasing numbers, all coming in off the Atlantic ocean to the west and heading east/south east. Whoopers breed in Iceland and the barnacles nearly twice that distance in Greenland. Most barnacles stop off in Iceland on their journey to Scotland, but even so these swans and geese have travelled over 1000km (600 miles) of open sea to get to Barra which is the first land they have seen since they left home. They don't rest on the sea they just do it in one go, and yet even so when the reach here, very few land on Barra, they just keep on going until they reach the Inner Hebridean islands such as Islay a further 150km (90 miles) south east. This is awe-inspiring visible migration and one of the highlights of an October trip to Barra.

Barnacle geese passing over.

Yellow-browed bonanza as the first wave of barnacles arrives

A glorious sunny day with light winds... errr no. The weather forecast was wrong! It certainly started glorious, but it rapidly deteriorated to low cloud and drizzle.

A decent days birding though, we finally caught up with a barred warbler at Nask and the yellow-browed warbler bonanza continues, we saw five of the 14 on the island today, and were lucky enough to be present when two were trapped and ringed at Creachan. Also today, the start of the barnacle goose passage over the island, with 21 over Eoligarry.

Weighing less than a wren, yellow-browed warblers are tiny birds that breed not much closer than China, yet turn up in the UK in increasing numbers every year.

When we were here two years ago a North American Swainson's thrush was caught in Creachan wood and before that it produced Barra's only White's thrush, plus lots of other good stuff. Still, you can't see too many yellow-browed warblers, fabulous birds.

A first for Barra on Castlebay football pitch

A major twitch on Barra today when a first for the island turned up in the shape of a cattle egret. Strangely it wasn't on the machair grasslands in amongst the cattle, it was on Castlebay football pitch in the middle of the town next to the co-op with herring gulls!

This is presumably the same bird that was on Tiree two days ago when it became just the second record for that island.

(Northern?) treecreeper at Creachan Woods, Barra

A grim day on Barra, with 45mph south easterly winds and at times heavy, soaking drizzle. You only had to be outside for 30 seconds and you were soaked. 

However there were drier spells and on one such occasion we found ourselves at Creachan woods where  we were reasonably well sheltered from the wind, allowing us to have quite a pleasant walk for 90 minutes or so before the rain set in again.

Treecreepers are just about annual on Barra so it was pleasing to be able to add one to our trip list today. Apparently this bird turned up in September but where it originates from is uncertain, it could be a migrant from Europe or perhaps it's a dispersing bird from the Scottish mainland.

Treecreepers Certhia familiaris are mainly resident throughout Europe, but the race C. f. familiaris from northern Europe does apparently migrate and a few do occur annually in the extremities of the UK, mainly in Shetland. 

Northern treecreeper is said to appear frosty on it's upperparts contrasting strongly with it's rufous rump. The underparts including the flanks are said to be bright silky white and the supercilium is bold, broad and white, including in front of the eye. There are other differences such as bill and hind claw length which I think tend to be longer in the northern bird, but neither of these are useful in this instance.

I think this bird does look quite frosty on it's back and the underparts look very white and I could easily imagine that it is a northern bird, but I didn't see the rump and although treecreepers do occasionally get caught and ringed at Creachan, I don't recall ever hearing of a northern treecreeper here. So it just gets added to the list of possibles, but no less interesting for that.

Two yellow-browed warblers have been in the wood for a few days and showed well today. They were quite vocal which always helps to locate them, in fact it's pretty much essential. 

Arcing sooty shearwaters past Brevig

A dull drizzly day of strong south easterly wind so we headed again for Brevig and another look at the sooty shearwater passage down the east of the island. It wasn't as easy today, with distant mist making viewing difficult or impossible. However occasionally the shearwaters came a little closer or the mist cleared for a while and we did manage to see at least 15 birds.

A useful characteristic of sooty shearwater is that in strong winds they tend to glide in long graceful arcs, shearing low over the water and then rising high into the air before dropping again. This distinguishes them from Manx shearwater even at long distances. I've seen quite a few sooties in the past but never knowingly seen this flight action before so the past couple of days have been very educational. 

They also have a different wing shape to Manx, having longer and narrower wings. Of course they also have dark bellies and silvery underwings but seeing that on a dull day in strong winds at a range of two miles is quite a challenge! Still, I'm pretty sure that all of the birds we have seen did have dark bellies.

Sooty shearwater passage and a few eagles, Barra

Barra isn't only about rarities, thankfully. There's also plenty of resident birds to keep you entertained if the rares don't show up, as is the case at the moment. Today we saw four eagles, three white-tailed and a single golden, male hen harrier and three great northern divers. The white-tailed eagles in particular can be very obliging and are often seen well. The bird in the photos flew low over the church at Eoligarry.

White-tailed eagles have proportionally long necks when compared to golden eagles, which gives them a very different jizz, but to be honest there's not really much chance of confusing the two, with white-tailed appearing much larger.

One of the reasons I love this island is that you get to experience some impressive passage. Barnacle geese and whooper swans are yet to come, hopefully next week, and we also get other species that you might not expect arriving from over the sea, such as flocks of snipe. Highlight of the day today was the passage of sooty shearwaters which went down the east coast of the island, heading south in their hundreds. 508 in total were logged, one of the highest counts ever. Although I've seen sooty shearwaters many times before, I've never experienced anything quite like this.

Eagles, harriers and divers, Vatersay

Photo: 1st win golden eagle.

Another glorious day on Barra, light south easterly winds and unbroken sunshine with bright blue skies. Too good in fact, we need a storm to bring some birds to the island. 

We spent the afternoon on Vatersay where the birding highlights were a 1st winter golden eagle and a flock of 35+ black-throated divers. Also hen harrier with another two at Eoligarry, plus red-throated divers and black guillemots

It's difficult to be too fed up with the lack of rare vagrants when the weather and scenery is like this. Still, a good storm would be nice to shake things up a bit!

American golden plover, Allasdale, Barra

The Allasdale American golden plover showed better today in good sunlight and light winds. It's a really smart bird and stands out well, even in a flock of 200 European golden plover. 

Otherwise it was a case of deja vu with yellow-browed warblers dominating. Apparently not as many around today as yesterday, but we still connected with three and there were at least seven reported from around the island. 

American golden plover have long primaries, especially when compared to Pacific golden plover which has long tertials and a short primary projection. In some of my photos you can clearly see at least four primaries projecting beyond the tertials.

The Day of the Yellow-brow, Barra

Today was the Day of the Yellow-browed warbler on Barra with at least 14 on the island at several locations. We managed to connect with four at Nask (2), Ardmhor and Northbay. Really nice and surprisingly showy and vocal birds.

Birds seemed to be arriving during the day as more and more were reported. Encouraging stuff for us, surely if there's a fall of yellow-broweds then something rarer can't be too far behind????